Plotly中的Line Charts

发表于2021-05-14更新于2021-05-22字数统计1.1k阅读时长13分

线图

效果

Line

代码

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import plotly.express as px

df = px.data.gapminder().query("country=='Canada'")
fig = px.line(df, x="year", y="lifeExp", title='Life expectancy in Canada')
fig.show()

样式线图

效果

Style

代码

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import plotly.graph_objects as go

# Add data
month = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July',
         'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']
high_2000 = [32.5, 37.6, 49.9, 53.0, 69.1, 75.4, 76.5, 76.6, 70.7, 60.6, 45.1, 29.3]
low_2000 = [13.8, 22.3, 32.5, 37.2, 49.9, 56.1, 57.7, 58.3, 51.2, 42.8, 31.6, 15.9]
high_2007 = [36.5, 26.6, 43.6, 52.3, 71.5, 81.4, 80.5, 82.2, 76.0, 67.3, 46.1, 35.0]
low_2007 = [23.6, 14.0, 27.0, 36.8, 47.6, 57.7, 58.9, 61.2, 53.3, 48.5, 31.0, 23.6]
high_2014 = [28.8, 28.5, 37.0, 56.8, 69.7, 79.7, 78.5, 77.8, 74.1, 62.6, 45.3, 39.9]
low_2014 = [12.7, 14.3, 18.6, 35.5, 49.9, 58.0, 60.0, 58.6, 51.7, 45.2, 32.2, 29.1]

fig = go.Figure()
# Create and style traces
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=month, y=high_2014, name='High 2014',
                         line=dict(color='firebrick', width=4)))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=month, y=low_2014, name = 'Low 2014',
                         line=dict(color='royalblue', width=4)))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=month, y=high_2007, name='High 2007',
                         line=dict(color='firebrick', width=4, dash='dash') 
                         # dash options include 'dash', 'dot', and 'dashdot'
))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=month, y=low_2007, name='Low 2007',
                         line = dict(color='royalblue', width=4, dash='dash')))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=month, y=high_2000, name='High 2000',
                         line = dict(color='firebrick', width=4, dash='dot')))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=month, y=low_2000, name='Low 2000',
                         line=dict(color='royalblue', width=4, dash='dot')))

# Edit the layout
fig.update_layout(title='Average High and Low Temperatures in New York',
                   xaxis_title='Month',
                   yaxis_title='Temperature (degrees F)')


fig.show()

连接数据缺口

效果

Gaps

代码

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import plotly.graph_objects as go

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]

fig = go.Figure()

fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x,
    y=[10, 20, None, 15, 10, 5, 15, None, 20, 10, 10, 15, 25, 20, 10],
    name = '<b>No</b> Gaps', # Style name/legend entry with html tags
    connectgaps=True # override default to connect the gaps
))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x,
    y=[5, 15, None, 10, 5, 0, 10, None, 15, 5, 5, 10, 20, 15, 5],
    name='Gaps',
))

fig.show()

线图插值

效果

Interpolation

代码

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import plotly.graph_objects as go
import numpy as np

x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
y = np.array([1, 3, 2, 3, 1])

fig = go.Figure()
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=x, y=y, name="linear",
                    line_shape='linear'))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=x, y=y + 5, name="spline",
                    text=["tweak line smoothness<br>with 'smoothing' in line object"],
                    hoverinfo='text+name',
                    line_shape='spline'))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=x, y=y + 10, name="vhv",
                    line_shape='vhv'))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=x, y=y + 15, name="hvh",
                    line_shape='hvh'))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=x, y=y + 20, name="vh",
                    line_shape='vh'))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=x, y=y + 25, name="hv",
                    line_shape='hv'))

fig.update_traces(hoverinfo='text+name', mode='lines+markers')
fig.update_layout(legend=dict(y=0.5, traceorder='reversed', font_size=16))

fig.show()

其中，h代表horizontal，水平；v代表vertical，垂直

颜色填充

效果

Fill

代码

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import plotly.graph_objects as go

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
x_rev = x[::-1]

# Line 1
y1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
y1_upper = [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
y1_lower = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
y1_lower = y1_lower[::-1]

# Line 2
y2 = [5, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 5, 2.5, 7.5, 4.5, 5.5, 5]
y2_upper = [5.5, 3, 5.5, 8, 6, 3, 8, 5, 6, 5.5]
y2_lower = [4.5, 2, 4.4, 7, 4, 2, 7, 4, 5, 4.75]
y2_lower = y2_lower[::-1]

# Line 3
y3 = [10, 8, 6, 4, 2, 0, 2, 4, 2, 0]
y3_upper = [11, 9, 7, 5, 3, 1, 3, 5, 3, 1]
y3_lower = [9, 7, 5, 3, 1, -.5, 1, 3, 1, -1]
y3_lower = y3_lower[::-1]

fig = go.Figure()

fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x + x_rev,
    y=y1_upper + y1_lower,
    fill='toself',
    fillcolor='rgba(0,100,80,0.2)',
    line_color='rgba(255,255,255,0)',
    showlegend=False,
    name='Fair',
))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x + x_rev,
    y=y2_upper + y2_lower,
    fill='toself',
    fillcolor='rgba(0,176,246,0.2)',
    line_color='rgba(255,255,255,0)',
    name='Premium',
    showlegend=False,
))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x + x_rev,
    y=y3_upper + y3_lower,
    fill='toself',
    fillcolor='rgba(231,107,243,0.2)',
    line_color='rgba(255,255,255,0)',
    showlegend=False,
    name='Ideal',
))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x, y=y1,
    line_color='rgb(0,100,80)',
    name='Fair',
))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x, y=y2,
    line_color='rgb(0,176,246)',
    name='Premium',
))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
    x=x, y=y3,
    line_color='rgb(231,107,243)',
    name='Ideal',
))

fig.update_traces(mode='lines')
fig.show()

原理其实就是go.Scatter添加两条线，两条线之间填充颜色

官方文档